I never said there was a lie Stan and my point is made clear. Unless you can't read and understand, I mentioned the fact that when an ANESTHESIOLOGIST is present CRNAs work under his direct supervision as well as AAs. So like I said, "in cooperation with" is just another way of sugar-coating "direct supervision of anesthesiologists" to help bolster your CRNA title. I know you don't like it, but that's the way it is. By the way, since the one's of you who boast so much about being able to work independently or "in cooperation", why are you not doing it? Is it because you know that with more independence comes more responsibility?